Process and apparatus for producing wax bottles



1930- D. FAUERBACH 1,784,686

PROCESS AND.APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING WAX BOTTLES INVENTOR flame! jzzueriac BY 7%,

ATTORN Filed June 23, 1927 Patented Dec. 9, 1930 Units mm- DANIEL FAUERBACH, or wEs'r EAs'ron, rENNsYLv nIA, nssrenon T0 GENERAL CHEMICAL COMPANY, or new YORK, N. Y.,A conronA'rIon or NEWYQRK PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING WAX BOTTLES Application filed June 23, 1927. Serial No. 200,793.

This invention relates to a novel method of and apparatus for producing hollowelongated objects. Theinvention is particularly directed to the production of such objects bya casting or molding operationusing plastic substances such as wax, parafin, ceresihe; 'etc., and in the following illustration will be shown as applied to the production of wax bottles, such as those commonly used for con taining hydrofluoric acid.

The object of the invention is the provision of such a method and apparatus of extreme simplicity and ease of operation. a

The general method of producing wax bottles or other objects is to charge a suitable mold with a quantity of molten liquid wax,

and then either to manually shake the mold to cause the molten waXto be more or less uniformly distributed over the interior surface of the mold as the wax solidifies, or to place the mold upon a machine designed to perform similar operations mechanically. Themanual method of shaking the mold is;

quite expensive, and the machines thus far devised for accomplishing this purpose have not been very satisfactory.

I have discovered that when producing. elongated ob ects, and by this 1s meant ob-.

jects having one axis greater than some other axis, that is, non-spher cal hollow ob ects,

such objects may be produced of uniformv quality and wall thickness by imparting to;- the mold a simple arcuate or revolvmg move ment such as is described more specifically hereinafter. Such movement necessitates neither rapid rotation nor violent shaking of the mold. This movement consists simply in causing an elongated mold to slowly revolve or traverse an arcuate path or orbit about a substantially horizontal axis said path or orbit being in a plane at right anglesinvention will be best understood by refer-- ence thereto.

Fig. is sectional view through a separable mold containing a completely formed bottle, L j

Fig. II is aside elevation partly in-section of themolding apparatus,

- Fig; III is a sectional view upon'the line 3.3 of Fig. II, and I Fig. IV is a view of .a separable 'mold in position to be assembled Themold illustratedin Figs. 1 an IV is a conventional type of separable mold and consists o f the two complementary sections 1. and. 2, a cap 3, and a tapered plug 4 adapted to be inserted ina centrally located opening 5 in cap 3; The section 1 and cap 3'are drilled at points 6 and 7 to receive threaded thumbscrews which pass through the respective openings'into. corresponding tapped holesv in section 2; Small pins 8331B placed upon the engaging surfaces of. section 2 in position .to

be inserted in corresponding holest9 in section 1.

The mold when assembled is placed upon a supportingcradle 11 as shown in FigLlII by inserting the mold bet-ween spring clips 12 carried by supporting cradles ll. The cradles are provided with end plates 13 to aid in positioning themold thereupon.

Cradles 11 are carried by arms 14 attached to ,a horizontalfshaft and extending radially therefrom, and each cradle is placed upon its supporting arm in-suchposition that: the mold carried bythe' cradle will be held with its longitudinal fZtXlS-fit" an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shaft, said angle being other than a right angle; In the drawing thisangle is shown as slightlyless than 45. A plurality of arms 14 are 7 shown each carrying a supportingcradle 11 and mold, but the number or spacing of j the arms upon the shaft isimmaterial to my invention as will appear more clearlyhereinafter.

Shaft l5is'journaled in. supported bearing blocks 16 and is adapted to be rotated by means of pulley 17 driven from any suitable sourceof power. Underneath shaft 15 is placed a pan 18 adapted to contain'a cooling bath ofmvater or other cooling fluid. In the preferred. embodiment'of my invenmoldir1g operation. The most favorable temoccurred within the mold which was longest tion, arms 14 are made of suflicient length such that the molds carried thereby will project under the surface of the cooling fluid in pan 18 while intheir lowermost position of rotation.

The manner of practicing my'invention by means of the above described apparatus is as follows: The two sections 1 and 2 of the mold are placed together and a thumbscrew inserted in opening 6 in the bottom of temperature sufiiciently high that the ceresine' will not congeal until' it has had an opportunity to flow uniformly over the entire interior surface of the mold in the subsequent perature will vary according to the length of-the arcuate path and the speed of rotation but is readily determinable for each variation of these factors by simple test runs;

Shaft 15 is now caused to rotate at a relatively slow rate, preferably such that a mom may beremoved'from and a new mold inserted between the clips 12 in position upon the supporting cradle without the necessity of stopping rotation of the shaft[ While the exact speed of rotation of the shaft is immaterial and will depend upon various factors such as the length of arms 14, it is J to be clearly distinguished from the relatively high speeds of rotation employed in centrifugal castin Coolingof the respective molds takes place as they revolve through the atmosphere and this is aided by the cooling bath. hen solidification of the bottle has on themachine, this mold is removedand an.-

other substituted so that the apparatus will be operating at full capacity at all times. Fig. I illustratesa completed bottle within the mold- In opening the mold the plug 4t is first removed, the thin wall of wax which has formed overthe inner end of the plug is punctured with asharp instrument to break the partial vacuum within the mold, and then the sections of the mold are separated and the completed bottle removed.

It will be observed that due to the rotation of the shaft, and to the placing of the supporting cradles at an angle with reference to the longitudinal axis of the shaft, the molds are caused to. traverse an arcuate, circular path or orbit about the axis of shaft 15. which path is in a single plane at right angles to the axis of the shaft, and that While thus revolving the longitudinal axes of the molds are held at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis ofthe shaft 15. In the specific embodiment. of the invention shown each.

of this specification considered to be thepath.

ofthe mold, and it will be seen that this path is in apl'ane at right angles to the horizontal axis of revolution- I have discovered that by providing for thistypel of movement of the mold the molten ceresine contained therein will flow over the entire interior surface of the mold and form a hollow object'having walls of substantially uniform thickness. The-exact angle at which the supporting cradle and mold should be placed with" reference to'theaxis of shaft 15 is; relatively immaterial except t at it should not be'arlght angle, and preferably should" bean angle not substantially greater than 45.- Ipreferto'employ an angle slightly less than 45 as shown While anglesgreaterthan 45 may be used, I have-found that it becomes increasingly'd-ifficult to obtain uniform distribution of the ccresine as the angle is increased above 45 and approaches a right angle. A right angle may not be used as this will not cause the-ceresine to come in contact with all surfaceszof the mold'and form an article of uniform wall thickness. Duringonecomplete revolution of the mold 'as thus placed the-molten wax is caused to flow'completely over the side wall. surfaces of the mold, and in addition due to the angular positioning of the mold the two end surfaces thereof are caused to" assume positions at higher and lower levels, respectively, than the opposite end, thereby causing the wax totlow'o'ver theend surfaces, and thus over the entireinterior surface, during each completerevolution. a

In the manner ofpracticing my invention sh'ownin the drawing, themold is placed with its longitudinal axis in a plane parallel to- Th1s isnot, however, ms of the mold' the --a;xis of" shaft 15. essential and-1n factthe may hem any plane provided merely thatit is placed at an angle other than a right'anglerelative to the axis of revolution. For example, the axis ofrthe mold may be mainta i'ned in a-plane passing through or containing the axis of the shaft, and then be tilted while in this plane to lie at an angle other to the axis desired and the mold may be held in position upon the shaft, or even in such position that the center of the mold coincides with the axis of the shaft. By this is meant not that the longitudinal'axis of the mold may coincide with the longitudinal. axis ofthe shaft, but merely that the arms 14 may be soshort, or be omitted altogether, that the axis of shalt 15 will bevery close to or pass through the body of. the mold. Hence it is to be: understood that the terms causing at least one point on the mold to traverse an arcuate path about a substantially horizontal axis and revolving about a substantially horizontal axis as used in the claims are intended to include movement of the mold about an axis of revolution passing through the center or any point on the body of the mold and are not limited to the construction shown. where the axis of shaft 15 is without the'body'of the mold.

I prefer to place shaft 15 in a horizontal position although it is not essential that it be so placed. The shaft may be tilted toa considerable angle if desired, although I have found that more uniform results are obtained if the shaft is placed in a horizontal position. Hence I intend that the appended claims be not limited to an exacthorizontal axis of revolution.

In the foregoing specification and in the following claims I have defined the axis of the mold as lying at an angle other than a right angle with respect tothe horizontal axis of revolution. .It will be observed that l have not used the term angle in this respect in its strict geometrical sense as defining the relation between intersecting lines or planes, because as illustrated in the modification of my invention shown in the drawing the ax s of the mold need not necessarily intersect the horizontal axis of revolution. Hence by this phraseology I intend to define merely an angular relation between the two axes, irrespective of whether they intersect or not. In the machine illustrated I consider the angle between the horizontal axis of revolution (the axis of shaft 15) and the axis of the mold to be that between the axis of the shaft and the projection of the axis of a mold while in its uppermost position upon a'horizontal plane containing the axis of the shaft.

I claim:

1. The method of producing hollow elongated objects which comprises charging an elongated mold with molten material, and permitting said mold to cool while causing at least one point on said mold to traverse an arcuate path about a substantially horizontal axis, said path bein in a plane at right angles to said axis, and the longitudinal axis of said mold being maintained at an angle with respect to said first named axis, said angle being other than a right angle.

2. The method of producing hollow elongated objects which comprises charging an elongated mold withmolten material, and permitting said mold to coolxwhile causing at least one point on .said moldto-traverse an arcuate path about a substantially: hori zontal axisysaid path! being ina plane at right angles to said. axis, and the longitue dinal axis of said mold being maintained :at an angle with respect-to s'aid'first. named axis, said angle being not substantiallyzover 45. We

3. The method ofproducing hollow elongated objects which comprisesychargingf an elongated mold with molten materiahpermitting said mold to cool, while causingsaid mold to traverse an arcuate path about a substantially horizontal axis, the longitudinal axis o'f-said mold being maintained in a planeparallel to the first mentioned. axis and at an angle with respect to thelirst men tioned axis, said angle being other tha-nfa right angle.

4. The method of producing hollow; elongated objects, which comprises. charging an elongated mold with moltenmaterial, and

permitting saidmold to cool while causing said mold torevolve in a single plane about a substantially horizontal axis,the longitu dinal axis of said mold being maintained at an angle with respect to. said first named axis, said angle being other than a rightangle. V o 1 I 5, The methodof producing hollow elongated objects,.which comprises charging an elongated mold witlrmolten material, and permitting said mold. to cool while causing said mold to revolve in asingle plane about a substantially horizontal axis, saidplane being at right angles to said axis, and the longitudinal .axis of said mold being maintained at an angle with respect to said first named axis, said angle, being ,other than a right angle. Y H i 6. The method of producing hollow elongated objects, which comprises charging an elongated mold with moltenmaterial, and permitting said mold to cool while causing said mold to revolve in a single plane about a substantially horizontal axis, said plane being at right angles to saidaxis, and the longitudinal 'axisof said mold being main} .tained at anangle with respect to said first named axis, said angle being not substantially over 45.

7'. The method of producing hollow'elongated objects, which comprises charging'an elongated mold with molten materiahand permitting said mold to cool while causing said mold to revolve in a'cir'cular path in a single plane about a substantially horizontal axis, said plane being at right angles to said axis, the longitudinal axis'of said mold being maintained in a plane parallel to'said first named axis, and at an angle with respect to said first named axis, said anglebeing not substantially over 459. I V

8. An apparatus for producing hollow elongated objects comprisingvthe combination of an. elongated mold, means for supporting said mold, and means for revolving said mold'a'bout' a substantially horizontal axisrin a" plane at 1' right angles to .said axis, said supporting means being construct ed and arranged to maintain said mold with itsilongitudinal axis at an angle with. respect to said first named axis, said angle beingother than a right angle. r 7

9. An apparatus for producing hollow elongated objectscomprising the combination of an elongated mold, means for sup porting'said mold, and means for revolving said mold about a substantially horizontal axis in a plane at right angles'to said axis, said supporting means being constructed and arranged to maintain said mold with its longitudinal axis at an angle with respect to said first named axis said an 'le b6111 not sub-- stantially over".

10. 'An apparatus elongated objects comprising the combination of an elongated mold, means for supe portingsaid mold, and means forrevolving said mold about a substantially horizontal axis, said supporting means being constructed and arranged to maintain said mold with its longitudinal axis in a plane parallel to said first named axis, and at an angle with respect to said first named axis, said angle being-other than a right angle.

r 11. An apparatus for producing hollow elongated objects comprising the combination of a substantially horizontalshaft, an elongated mold attached to said shaft in position to revolve about the axis of said shaft, said mold having its longitudinal axis at an angle with'relation to'the axis of said shaft, said angle being other than aright angle,

a and means for rotating said shaft.

12. An apparatus for producing hollow elongated objects comprising the combination of a substantially horizontal shaft, a mold support fixed to said shaft, an elongated mold carried by said mold support, said mold support being constructed and arranged to maintain the longitudinal axis of said mold at an angle with respect to the axis of said shaft, said angle beingnot substantially over 45, and means for rotating said shaft.

13. An apparatu'svfor producing hollow elongated objects comprising the combina tion of a'substantially horizontal shaft, an arm laterally projecting therefrom, a mold support fixed to said arm, an elongated-mold carried bys aid support, said support being constructed and arranged to maintainthe longitudinal axis of said mold at an angle withv respect to the axis of said shaft, said angle being not substantially over 45, and means for rotating said shaft.-

for producing hollow 14.An apparatus for producing hollow elongated objects comprising in combination with an elongated mold, means for causing said mold to revolve. about a substantially horizontal axis in a plane at right angles to said axis, and means for maintaining the longitudinal axis of said mold at an'angle other'than a right angle with. respect to the first named axis. a

l'a'Anapparatus for producing hollow elongated objects comprising in combination with-an, elongated mold, means for causing said mold to revolve about a substantially horizontal axis in aplane at right. angles to said axis, and means for maintaining the longitudinal axis of said mold at an angle not substantially over 45 with respect to the first named axis. 7

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

DANIEL FAUE'RBAOH, 

